Gleicheniaceae

3-433.12.00IntroductionEnglish: Forked ferns.
Clades: Cyatheales; Cyatheidae; Equisetanae; Pteridophyta; Plants.
Region: widespread; Asia, Pacific.
Habitat: tropical.TaxonomyIn the PPG1 classification Gleicheniaceae forms a monophyletic group with Dipteridaceae, and Matoniaceae in the order Gleicheniales.
Smith in 2006 placed Gleicheniales in the class Polypodianae, with three families, Dipteridaceae, Gleicheniaceae, and Matoniaceae.
Christenhusz in 2011 placed Gleicheniales in the subclass Polypodiidae, with the same families. PPG I in 2016 used the same placement.
In historical treatments, the order has sometimes been treated as a subclass Gleicheniatae of the Pteridopsida, with the taxa treated as families here unranked to orders, so that a distinct subclass can be established for the leptosporangiate ferns.
In other treatments, Gleicheniales were expanded to include Hymenophyllales, treated as class Gleichenopsida alongside the Pteridopsida. Irrespective of their modern taxonomic treatment, the Gleicheniales were formerly included in the order Polypodiales.
The formerly independent families Dicranopteridaceae and Stromatopteridaceae are generally included in the Gleicheniaceae. Dipteridaceae and Matoniaceae are considered separate families by most authors.Plant theoryIn the Plant theory Gleicheniaceae is included with the small families Dipteridaceae and Matoniaceae. It is placed in the order Cyatheales, in subphase 2.GeneraDipteridaceae: Cheiropleuria, Dipteris.
Gleicheniaceae: Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Gleichenella, Gleichenia, Sticherus, Stromatopteris.
Matoniaceae: Matonia, Phanerosorus.BotanyIdentification: root steles with 3 to 5 protoxylem poles; antheridia with 6 to 12 narrow, twisted or curved cells in their walls.
Ferns.
Root: rhizomes, with vitalised protostele or a solenostele.
Leaves: indeterminate; with pseudodichotomously forked leaves except in Stromatopteris; free veins; typical fern fronds to resembling leaves of palm trees, to undivided leaves.
Sori: abaxial; not marginal; carry 5 to 15 exindusiate round sporangia each.
Sporangia: single-layered with annulus: leptosporangia; veins anastomosing maturation simultaneous; have a transverse-oblique annulus; contain 128 to 800 bilateral or globose-tetrahedral spores; mature at the same time as the sori.
Spores: grow into surface-dwelling green prothalli beset with club-shaped hairs.EssenceThis personality feels left alone by family or friends. He feels forced by them and sees no way to avoid becoming dominated and overwhelmed. He can only adapt to feel at least a bit at peace.MindAutism, retardation, < vaccinations.
Obsessive, compulsive, repeating questions.
Parents are very strict.
Daydreaming, staring.
Cannot say no.Stages Remedies1 Gleichenia microphylla
13 Sticherus truncatus
15 Sticherus bifidus
16 Dicranopteris linearis
x Dipteris conjugata