Content: quinolizidine alkaloids.
Plant theoryGenistoideae is a clade in
Papilionoideae. In the
Plant theory Genistoideae is placed in
Subphase 4.
In
Plant theory 1
Papilionoideae was placed in
Subphase 5.
Papilionoideae is split in 3 subfamilies in
Plant theory 2:
Galegoideae,
Phaseoloideae and
Genistoideae.
This classification of
Stages is in development.
StagesStage Remedy Remedy code Subfamily
1
Aeschynomene brasiliana 3-644.54.01 Dalbergieae
2
Arachis hypogaea 3-644.54.02 Dalbergieae
2
Arachis pintoi 3-644.54.02 Dalbergieae
3
Vatairea guianensis 3-644.54.03 Dalbergieae
4
Erinacea anthyllis 3-644.54.04 Genisteae
6
Genista tinctoria 3-644.54.06 Genisteae
6
Genista scoparia 3-644.54.06 Genisteae
6
Calicotome villosa 3-644.54.06 Genisteae
7
Lotononis lanceolata 3-644.54.07 Crotalarieae
8
Dipteryx odorata 3-644.54.08 Dipterygeae
8
Eysenhardtia polystachya 3-644.54.08 Amorpheae
8
Dalea candida 3-644.54.08 Amorpheae
8
Lupinus luteus 3-644.54.08 Genisteae
10
Ormosia nobilis 3-644.54.10 Ormosieae
11
Bowdichia virgilioides 3-644.54.11 Leptolobieae
11
Baphia nitida 3-644.54.11 Baphieae
12
Aspalathus linearis 3-644.54.12 Crotalarieae
12
Vataireopsis araroba 3-644.54.12 Dalbergieae
12
Crotalaria retusa 3-644.54.12 Crotalarieae
13
Laburnum anagyroides 3-644.54.13 Genisteae
13
Lupinus albus 3-644.54.13 Genisteae
13
Acosmium dasycarpum 3-644.54.13 Sophoreae
13
Andira inermis 3-644.54.13 Dalbergieae
13
Myrospermum frutescens 3-644.54.13 Amburaneae
13
Acosmium panamense 3-644.54.13 Sophoreae
13
Zornia diphylla 3-644.54.13 Dalbergieae
13
Zornia latifolia 3-644.54.13 Dalbergieae
14
Cytisus scoparius 3-644.54.14 Genisteae
15
Myroxylon balsamum 3-644.54.15 Amburaneae
15
Styphnolobium japonicum 3-644.54.15 Sophoreae
16
Pterocarpus marsupium 3-644.54.16 Dalbergieae
16
Pterocarpus santalinus 3-644.54.16 Dalbergieae
16
Sophora japonica 3-644.54.16 Sophoreae
16
Machaerium lunatum 3-644.54.16 Dalbergieae
17
Dalbergia pinnata 3-644.54.17 Dalbergieae
17
Ulex europaeus 3-644.54.17 Genisteae
17
Euchresta horsfieldii 3-644.54.17 Euchresteae
BotanyTrees or shrubs, some climbers.
Root: nodule morphology, "aeschynomenoid" or "dalbergioid" nodule.
Leaves: pinnate, unspecialised, 5 to numerous leaflets.
Flowers, relatively simple; free stamens free, stamens monadelphous.
Fruit: indehiscent.
Genistoideae is an extended clade, including:1. the monophyletic ADA clade
1.1 Angylocalyceae: Alexa, Angylocalyx, Monopteryx.
1.2 Dipterygeae: Dipteryx, Pterodon, Taralea.
1.3 Amburaneae: Amburana, Cordyla, Dussia, Myrocarpus, Myrospermum, Myroxylon.
2 Swartzieae: Aldina, Ateleia, Baphiopsis, Bobgunnia, Bocoa, Candolleodendron, Cyathostegia, Dupuya, Holocalyx, Mildbraediodendron, Swartzia, Trischidium.
Typical: actinomorphic; petals incompletely differentiated, single or lacking; profusion and elaboration of numerous free stamens; complete or near complete fusion of sepals.
Amburaneae, Baphieae, and Exostyleae were formerly included in Swartzieae
3. Cladrastiae, N-AMerica, Asia: Cladrastis, Pickeringia, Styphnolobium.
4. Exosyleae: Exostyles, Harleyodendron, Lecointea, Zollernia.
Formerly these genera were inculded in Swartzieae.
5. Vataireae: Luetzelburgia, Sweetia, Vatairea, Vataireopsis.
6. Andireae: Andira, Hymenolobium.
7
Genistoideae7.1 Ormosiae: Clathrotropis, Ormosia, Panurea, Spirotropis
Formely in Sophoreae. Tropical Americas, also southeast Asia, Australia.
7.2 Brongniartieae: Brongniartia, Cristonia, Cyclolobium, Harpalyce, Hovea, Lamprolobium, Limadendron, Plagiocarpus, Poecilanthe, Tabaroa, Templetonia, Thinicola.
Formely in Sophoreae. Tropical America Australia.
Typical: stamens united by filaments in an adaxially open tube; anthers alternately long and basifixed, short and versatile; anther connective inconspicuous; septa between seeds; aril lateral lobe present and fitting into heel of funicle; fine red glandular processes present in axils; and pollen tricolporate with opercula and no definite endoaperture.
7.3 Leptolobieae: Bowdichia, Diplotropis, Guianodendron, Leptolobium, Staminodianthus.
Formely in Sophoreae. Neotropical, S-America.
7.4 Camoensieae: Camoensia.
Formely in Sophoreae.
7.5 Sophoreae: Acosmium, Airyantha, Ammodendron, Amphimas, Baphiastrum, Bolusanthus, Bowringia, Castanospermum, Dalhousiea, Dermatophyllum, Dicraeopetalum, Dussia, Etaballia, Haplormosia, Inocarpus, Leucomphalos, Maackia, Neoharmsia, Pericopsis, Petaladenium, Platycelyphium, Riedeliella, Sakoanala, Salweenia, Sophora, Staminodianthus, Uleanthus, Uribea, Xanthocercis.
Traditionally Sophoreae has been used as a wastebasket calde to accommodate genera of
Faboideae which are actinomorphic and have incompletely differentiated petals and free stamens. Morphological and molecular analyses indicated that Sophoreae as traditionally circumscribed was polyphyletic. This led to a re-circumscription of Sophoreae. Many genera were transferred to other tribes: Amburaneae, Angylocalyceae, Baphieae, Camoensieae, Cladrastiae, Exostyleae, Leptolobieae, Ormosieae, Podalyrieae, and Vataireoids. Two former tribes, Euchresteae and Thermopsideae, were included in Sophoreae.
7.6 Podalyrieae: Amphithalea, Cadia, Calpurnia, Cyclopia, Liparia, Podalyria, Stirtonanthus, Virgilia, Xiphotheca.
7.7 Crotalarieae: Aspalathus, Bolusia, Calobota, Crotalaria, Euchlora, Ezoloba, Lebeckia, Leobordea, Listia, Lotononis, Pearsonia, Rafnia, Robynsiophyton, Rothia, Spartidium, Wiborgia, Wiborgiella.
Typical: containing quinolizidine alkaloids or macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
Africa, South Africa.
7.8 Genisteae: Adenocarpus, Anarthrophyllum, Argyrocytisus, Argyrolobium, Calicotome, Cytisophyllum, Cytisus, Dichilus, Echinospartum, Erinacea, Genista, Gonocytisus, Hesperolaburnum, Laburnum, Lupinus, Melolobium, Petteria, Podocytisus, Polhillia, Retama, Sellocharis, Spartium, Stauracanthus, Ulex.
Region: Mediterranean, Europe, Africa, Canary Islands, India, southwest Asia; North and South America.
Typical: bilabiate calyces with a bifid upper lip and a trifid lower lip; aril lacking or on the short side of the seed; stamen filaments fused in a closed tube with markedly dimorphic anthers; presence of α-pyridone alkaloids, 5-O-methylgenistein, quinolizidine alkaloids, ammodendrine-type dipiperidine alkaloids, macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids; thorny shrub; used for sweeping with brooms, ornamental landscape plants, wasteland reclamation, sand dune stabilising.
8 Dalbergioidae
Pantropical, neotropics, sub-Saharan Africa.
Indehiscent pods may be a morphological synapomorphy for the clade.
8.1 Amorpheae: Amorpha, Apoplanesia, Dalea, Errazurizia, Eysenhardtia, Marina, Parryella, Psorothamnus.
Formerly in Dalbergioidae. Mexico to Argentina.
Typical: epidermal glands throughout the plant body; dry, indehiscent fruits that are single-seeded; terminal inflorescences.
8.2 Dalbergieae: Adesmia, Aeschynomene, Amicia, Andira, Arachis, Brya, Bryaspis, Cascaronia, Centrolobium, Chaetocalyx, Chapmannia, Cranocarpus, Cyclocarpa, Dalbergia, Diphysa, Discolobium, Fiebrigiella, Fissicalyx, Geissaspis, Geoffroea, Grazielodendron, Humularia, Hymenolobium, Kotschya, Machaerium, Maraniona, Nissolia, Ormocarpopsis, Ormocarpum, Paramachaerium, Peltiera, Pictetia, Platymiscium, Platypodium, Poiretia, Pterocarpus, Ramorinoa, Smithia, Soemmeringia, Steinbachiella, Stylosanthes, Tipuana, Vatairea, Vataireopsis, Weberbauerella, Zornia, Zygocarpum.
LiteratureCardoso, D & others; Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes; South African Journal of
Botany, 89, page 58–75; 2013.