Author:
Qjure
Book:
Qjurious
Type:
Info
Chapter:
3-644.54.00
Genistoideae
Plant theory
In this version of the Plant theory Genistoideae is an extended clade, including:
Taxonomy
1. the monophyletic ADA clade
1.1 Angylocalyceae: Alexa, Angylocalyx, Monopteryx.
1.2 Dipterygeae: Dipteryx, Pterodon, Taralea.
1.3 Amburaneae: Amburana, Cordyla, Dussia, Myrocarpus, Myrospermum, Myroxylon.
2 Swartzieae: Aldina, Ateleia, Baphiopsis, Bobgunnia, Bocoa, Candolleodendron, Cyathostegia, Dupuya, Holocalyx, Mildbraediodendron, Swartzia, Trischidium.
Typical: actinomorphic; petals incompletely differentiated, single or lacking; profusion and elaboration of numerous free stamens; complete or near complete fusion of sepals.
Amburaneae, Baphieae, and Exostyleae were formerly included in Swartzieae
3. Cladrastiae, N-AMerica, Asia: Cladrastis, Pickeringia, Styphnolobium.
4. Exosyleae: Exostyles, Harleyodendron, Lecointea, Zollernia.
Formerly these genera were inculded in Swartzieae.
5. Vataireae: Luetzelburgia, Sweetia, Vatairea, Vataireopsis.
6. Andireae: Andira, Hymenolobium.
7 Genistoideae
7.1 Ormosiae: Clathrotropis, Ormosia, Panurea, Spirotropis
Formely in Sophoreae. Tropical Americas, also southeast Asia, Australia,
7.2 Brongniartieae: Brongniartia, Cristonia, Cyclolobium, Harpalyce, Hovea, Lamprolobium, Limadendron, Plagiocarpus, Poecilanthe, Tabaroa, Templetonia, Thinicola.
Formely in Sophoreae. Tropical America Australia.
Typical: stamens united by filaments in an adaxially open tube; anthers alternately long and basifixed, short and versatile; anther connective inconspicuous; septa between seeds; aril lateral lobe present and fitting into heel of funicle; fine red glandular processes present in axils; and pollen tricolporate with opercula and no definite endoaperture.
7.3 Leptolobieae: Bowdichia, Diplotropis, Guianodendron, Leptolobium, Staminodianthus.
Formely in Sophoreae. Neotropical, S-America.
7.4 Camoensieae: Camoensia.
Formely in Sophoreae.
7.5 Sophoreae: Acosmium, Airyantha, Ammodendron, Amphimas, Baphiastrum, Bolusanthus, Bowringia, Castanospermum, Dalhousiea, Dermatophyllum, Dicraeopetalum, Dussia, Etaballia, Haplormosia, Inocarpus, Leucomphalos, Maackia, Neoharmsia, Pericopsis, Petaladenium, Platycelyphium, Riedeliella, Sakoanala, Salweenia, Sophora, Staminodianthus, Uleanthus, Uribea, Xanthocercis.
Traditionally Sophoreae has been used as a wastebasket calde to accommodate genera of Faboideae which are actinomorphic and have incompletely differentiated petals and free stamens. Morphological and molecular analyses indicated that Sophoreae as traditionally circumscribed was polyphyletic. This led to a re-circumscription of Sophoreae. Many genera were transferred to other tribes: Amburaneae, Angylocalyceae, Baphieae, Camoensieae, Cladrastiae, Exostyleae, Leptolobieae, Ormosieae, Podalyrieae, and Vataireoids. Two former tribes, Euchresteae and Thermopsideae, were included in Sophoreae.
7.6 Podalyrieae: Amphithalea, Cadia, Calpurnia, Cyclopia, Liparia, Podalyria, Stirtonanthus, Virgilia, Xiphotheca.
7.7 Crotalarieae: Aspalathus, Bolusia, Calobota, Crotalaria, Euchlora, Ezoloba, Lebeckia, Leobordea, Listia, Lotononis, Pearsonia, Rafnia, Robynsiophyton, Rothia, Spartidium, Wiborgia, Wiborgiella.
Typical: containing quinolizidine alkaloids or macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
Africa, South Africa.
7.8 Genisteae: Adenocarpus, Anarthrophyllum, Argyrocytisus, Argyrolobium, Calicotome, Cytisophyllum, Cytisus, Dichilus, Echinospartum, Erinacea, Genista, Gonocytisus, Hesperolaburnum, Laburnum, Lupinus, Melolobium, Petteria, Podocytisus, Polhillia, Retama, Sellocharis, Spartium, Stauracanthus, Ulex.
Region: Mediterranean, Europe, Africa, Canary Islands, India, southwest Asia; North and South America.
Typical: bilabiate calyces with a bifid upper lip and a trifid lower lip; aril lacking or on the short side of the seed; stamen filaments fused in a closed tube with markedly dimorphic anthers; presence of α-pyridone alkaloids, 5-O-methylgenistein, quinolizidine alkaloids, ammodendrine-type dipiperidine alkaloids, macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids; thorny shrub; used for sweeping with brooms, ornamental landscape plants, wasteland reclamation, sand dune stabilising.
8 Dalbergioidae
Pantropical, neotropics, sub-Saharan Africa.
Indehiscent pods may be a morphological synapomorphy for the clade.
8.1 Amorpheae: Amorpha, Apoplanesia, Dalea, Errazurizia, Eysenhardtia, Marina, Parryella, Psorothamnus.
Formerly in Dalbergioidae. Mexico to Argentina.
Typical: epidermal glands throughout the plant body; dry, indehiscent fruits that are single-seeded; terminal inflorescences.
8.2 Dalbergieae: Adesmia, Aeschynomene, Amicia, Andira, Arachis, Brya, Bryaspis, Cascaronia, Centrolobium, Chaetocalyx, Chapmannia, Cranocarpus, Cyclocarpa, Dalbergia, Diphysa, Discolobium, Fiebrigiella, Fissicalyx, Geissaspis, Geoffroea, Grazielodendron, Humularia, Hymenolobium, Kotschya, Machaerium, Maraniona, Nissolia, Ormocarpopsis, Ormocarpum, Paramachaerium, Peltiera, Pictetia, Platymiscium, Platypodium, Poiretia, Pterocarpus, Ramorinoa, Smithia, Soemmeringia, Steinbachiella, Stylosanthes, Tipuana, Vatairea, Vataireopsis, Weberbauerella, Zornia, Zygocarpum
Trees or shrubs, some climbers; leaves pinnate, 5 to numerous leaflets; stamens monadelphous; fruit indehiscent.
Includes many genera formerly placed in tribes Adesmieae and Aeschynomeneae.
Typical: root nodule morphology, "aeschynomenoid" or "dalbergioid" nodule.
Botany
Content: quinolizidine alkaloids.
Leaves: unspecialized pinnate.
Flowers, relatively simple; free stamens.