Names: Angiosperm; Magnoliophyta; Flowering plants.
Botany: flowers, with sepals, petals, stamens with 2 lateral thecae of 2 microsporangia, carpels, bisexual, actinomorphic; leaves simple, entire, alternate, pinnately veined; female gametophyta reduced, 8 nucleate; male gametophyte reduced, 3 nucleate; ovules bitegmic, = with 2 integuments; fruits, with endosperm; 2 cotyls.
TaxonomyThe
Angiospermae is Phylum 6 of the Plant kingdom. It is the biggest part of the Plant kingdom with about 16000 genera and 250000 species.
Angiospermae are also called Magnoliopsida. The name Magnoliopsida is sometimes used for Dicotyledons, the
Angiospermae without
Lilianae. The clade Dicotyledons is polyphyletic and not used in the
Plant theory. The clade Eudicotyledons consisting of
Fabanae,
Malvanae and
Asteranae is monophyletic.
Classes1.
Hydrogen series:
Amborellanae.
2.
Carbon series:
Magnolianae.
3.
Silicon series:
Lilianae,
Monocots.
4.
Iron series:
Fabanae.
5.
Silver series:
Malvanae.
6.
Gold series,
Lanthanides:
Asteranae.
DicotyledonsThe
Angiospermae were split into 2 main groups monocotyledons and dicotyledons, also called monocots and dicots. The name comes from the cotyls, the leaf after sprouting. In the dicots there are 2 cotyledons, in the monocots only 1.
The
Monocots has turned out to be monophyletic and is thus treated as one group. In the
Plant theory it is named as
Lilianae.
The dictyledons are polypheletic, the more primitive ones that are placed in and near magnolianae.
he more developed ones are called
Eudicots or Eudicotyldons and placed in
Fabanae,
Malvanae and
Asteranae. The majority of them are also called core
Eudicots.
Only clades at the start of the
Eudicots do not belong to the
Core eudicots. These are in the Orders
Ceratophyllales,
Ranunculales,
Proteales, Sabiales, Troichodendrales and
Buxales. In the plant theory these are placed in
Ceratophyllidae,
Ranunculidae, and Protidae.