English: Quillworts.
Clades:
Isoetales;
Isoetidae;
Isoetanae;
Pteridophyta;
Plants.
Genus: 1; ± 145 species, 1 family
Isoetaceae.
Region: cosmopolitan; scarce to rare.
Habitat: aquatic to semi-aquatic; clear ponds, slowly moving streams.
BotanyFern; primitive; heterosporous; aquatic or semi-aquatic.
Root: cormose to rhizomatous; bulb-like, underground corm.
Stem: fertile shoots sessile.
Leaves: slender, broadens downward to a swollen base; up to 5 mm wide; spiral, in basal rosette; sporophylls pelate, deciduous; sporangial stalk present.
Reproduction: male and female sporangia at the base; protected by a thin, transparent covering, velum.
Spores: heterosporous; microspores monolete; megaspores 50–300.
Identification: very difficult to distinguish by general appearance, better by the velum, the transparent cover of sporangia or the the megaspores under a microscope.
EvolutionThere are many extinct and fossil species of Isoetes, from Carboniferous and Triassic era.
Isoetaceae3-411.11.00
IntroductionEnglish: Quillworts.
Clades:
Isoetales;
Isoetidae;
Isoetanae;
Pteridophyta;
Plants.
Genus: 1; ± 145 species.
Region: cosmopolitan; scarce to rare.
Habitat: aquatic to semi-aquatic; clear ponds, slowly moving streams.
BotanyFern; primitive; heterosporous; aquatic or semi-aquatic.
Root: cormose to rhizomatous; bulb-like, underground corm.
Stem: fertile shoots sessile.
Leaves: slender, broadens downward to a swollen base; up to 5 mm wide; spiral, in basal rosette; sporophylls peltate, deciduous; sporangial stalk present.
Reproduction: male and female sporangia at the base; protected by a thin, transparent covering, velum.
Spores: heterosporous; microspores.monolete; megaspores 50–300.
Identification: very difficult to distinguish by general appearance, better by the velum or the the megaspores under a microscope.
EvolutionThere are many extinct and fossil species of Isoetes, from Carboniferous and Triassic era.
IntroductionIsoetanae is difficult describe as there are no homeopathic remedies made from Isoetes so far.
Stages Remedies1
Isoetes histrix1
Isoetes lacustris