English: Cashew family; Sumac family.
Botany: ± 80 genera; ± 700 species; resin canals; ovule with 1 locule.
Content: polyphenols; flavonoids, biflavonoids; flavonols, fisetin, fustin, sulfuretin;tannins; oleoresins, lattices; alkylated phenols.
Culture: Cinderella.
Use: cashew nuts; pistacia nuts; mango; marula fruits; varnish; tanning; red dyes.
DD: Oxygen,
Chlorum, Silver
Series.
Plant theory 2Anacardiaceae is split in its 2 subfamilies:
Rhusoideae and
Spondioideae.
Rhusoideaeis placed in
Subphase 7.
Spondioideae is placed in
Subphase 6.
Plant theory 1Anacardiaceae was treated as one family and was placed in
Phase 4 of
Sapindales, in
Subphase 2.
TaxonomyAnacardiaceae is one of the main Families in the
Sapindales in the
Apg3 classification.
In the
Plant theory Anacardiaceae is placed in
Subphase 2.
BotanyShrubs, trees or climbers, Pegia.
Stem: resin exudate, acrid, turpentine smelling, milky, becoming black when exposed to air, poisonous, sometimes foul-smelling; resin canals are characteristic, located in the pith, in the primary cortex or the regular bark; tannin sacs are common.
Leaves: simple or compound, imparipinnate; crowded at the end of twigs; spirally arranged; entire; stipules absent; petioles usually thickened at base
Inflorescences: mostly large terminal or axillary panicles.
Flowers: inconspicuous, small, up to 0.5 cm across; unisexual, regular; disc present.
Sepals: usually 5 (sometimes 4), free or slightly connate.
Petals: usually 5 (sometimes 4), usually free, valvate or imbricate.
Androecium: stamens 8--10, inserted on disc, partly staminodal.
Gynoecium: ovary usually superior, 2--5(--12)-celled, each cell with 1 ovule.
Fruit: usually a drupe; often flattened, sometimes with persistent calyx; endosperm scanty or absent.
DD Burseraceae: ovules 2 per locule (1 in
Anacardiaceae).
DD Sapindaceae: free rhachis end (absent in
Anacardiaceae).
DD Meliaceae: staminal tube (free in
Anacardiaceae).