English: eusporangiate ferns; Horsetails and primitive ferns.
Name:
Equisetanae;
Equisetanae; Arthrophyta; Sphenophyta; Sphenopsida.
Clades:
Equisetanae;
Pteridophyta;
Plants.
Habitat: wet areas.
IntroductionEquisetidae have an emphasis on the
Silicon series beside the quality of the
Iron series.
BotanyFerns; vascular plant; ± 410 million years old.
Stem: single; vertical.
Leaves: with a single vein; needle-like; radiating at regular intervals from the stem.
Reproduction: by spores; bear a protostele; having microphylls.
TaxonomyEquisetidae,
Equisetanae were formerly regarded as a separate division of spore plants. Today
Equisetidae are seen as close relatives of and included in the typical ferns, Pteridopsida.
Plant theoryIn the
Plant theory Equisetidae is treated as a sublass in the class Equiseopsida, in the Phylum
Pteridophyta. The similarity with
Silicon series is strong. The other families are placed tentatively.
Families1.
Psilotaceae: only
Family in Pislotales; Whisk ferns; 2 genera, Psilotum, Tmesipteris.
4.
Equisetaceae: only
Family in
Equisetales; 1 genus: Equisetum.
5.
Marattiaceae: only
Family in
Marattiales; 6 genera, Angiopteris, Christensenia, Danaea, Marattia, Eupodium, Ptisana.
7.
Ophioglossaceae: only
Family in
Ophioglossales; 4 genera, Ophioglossum, Botrychium, Helminthostachys, Mankyua.