English: Bindweed family, Morning glory family.
Region: worldwide.
members: 60 genera, > 1650 species.
Content: D-lysergic acid amide, hallucinogenic substance, similar to LSD.
Content: glycoretinen, glycosids of hydroxyfatacids, producing violent diarrhoea but only after they have been in contact with gall; polyfenols, coffee acid; alkaloids, pseudotropine, similar to
Solanaceae alkaloids; ergoline alkaloids, ingredients in psychedelic drugs; loline alkaloids.
DD:
Solanales,
Silver series,
Lanthanides.
Plant theory 2The placement of
Convolvulaceae in
Solanales did not result in satisfactory cures. A proving of
Ipomoea quamoclit showed strong qualities of
Phase 4 and
Phase 7.
Phase 7 fits with
Solanales, but placing
Convolvulaceae in
Subphase 4 felt awkward, as
Convolvulaceae is a side family in
Solanales and not the central family. Swapping Phase and Subphase leads to
Phase 4,
Rubiales, and
Subphase 7. For that placement no family was found till recently.
The transfer of
Convolvulaceae to the
Rubiales gives better prescriptions, already in short time.
Plant theory 1Convolvulaceae was placed according to the Apg classifcation in
Solanales.
IntroductionThe presence of ergoline alkaloids due to symbiosis with fungi from the family
Clavicipitaceae, a fungus seed-transmitted, obligate biotroph growing epiphytically.
TaxonomyConvolvulaceae is placed in the order
Solanales in the Apg classifications and other classification like the ones of Cronquist, Thorne, and Hutchinson. Goldberg placed the family in Gentinales, together with
Rubiaceae. Melchior and Wettstein placed the family in Tubiflorae and Shipunov in
Lamiales. Bessey and Bentham placed the family in
Polemoniales.
BotanyHerb; vines; annual or perennial; with milky sap.
Root: starchy, tuberous.
Stem: internal, intraxylary phloem.
Leaves: alternate; simple to lobed leaves; exstipuleate.
Flowers: actinomorphic; perfect; funnel-shaped; hypogynous; 5 petals; 5 sepals.
Corolla: sympetalous; often large and showy.
Androecium: stamens are epipetalous.
Gynoecium: 2 united carpels, un-lobed, forming a two-locular, superior ovary, with 2–4 ovules.
Fruit: capsule, berry, or nut; 2 seeds per one locule; one ovule per ovary.
Tribes • Subfamily Humbertioideae
Tribe Humbertieae: Humbertia.
• Subfamily Cardiochlamyoideae
Tribe Cardiochlamyeae: Cardiochlamys; Cordisepalum; Dinetus; Poranopsis; Tridynamia.
Tribe Erycibeae: Ericybe.
• Subfamily Cuscutoideae
Tribe
Cuscuteae: Cuscuta.
• Subfamily Dicranostyloideae
Tribe Cresseae: Bonamia; Cladostigma; Cressa; Evolvulus; Hildebrandtia; Itzaea; Neuropeltis; Neuropeltopsis; Sabaudiella; Seddera; Stylisma; Wilsonia.
Dichondreae: Calycobolus, Dichondra, Dipteropeltis, Duperreya, Falkia, Metaporana, Nephrophyllum, Petrogenia, Porana, Rapona.
Tribe Maripeae: Dicranostyles; Lysiostyles; Maripa.bolus; Dichondra; Falkia; Metaporana; Nephrophyllum; Porana; Rapona.
Tribe Jacquemontieae: Jacquemontia.
• Subfamily Convolvuloideae
Tribe Aniseieae: Aniseia; Iseia; Odonellia; Tetralocularia.
Tribe Convolvuleae: Calystegia; Convolvulus; Polymeria.
Tribe Merremieae: Decalobanthus; Hewittia; Hyalocystis; Merremia; Operculina; Xenostegia.
Uncertain: Pentacrostigma.
Tribe Ipomoeeae: Argyreia; Astripomoea; Blinkworthia; Ipomoea; Lepistemon; Lepistemonopsis; Paralepistemon; Rivea; Stictocardia; Turbina.