Author:
Qjure
Book:
Qjurious
Type:
Info
Chapter:
3-333.40.00
Hypnales
3-333.40.00: Hypnales
English: Leafy mosses; Father mosses.
Clades: Bryidae, Bryanae, Bryophyta, Plants.
Taxonomy: 40 families; 4000 species; 1/3 of all mosses.
Botany
Mosses.
Stem: freely branched; reclining; containing only a reduced central vascular bundle; covered with paraphyllia or pseudoparaphyllia,
Leaves: pinnately or irregularly branched; reduced filamentous or scaly leaves; ordinary stem leaves are ovate to lanceolate, often with leaf wing cells; midvein is often limited to the lower half of the leaf blade, or has completely disappeared; cells of the leaf blade are prosenchymatic, many times longer than wide, with pointed ends interlocking.
Capsules: sporophyte consists of a regularly shaped sporangium on a long stalk or seta; spores are distributed via a ring-shaped opening with two rows of teeth, the peristome, which before ripeness is closed by a beak-shaped operculum; an enlarged venter or calyptra is cap-shaped and smooth.
Central strand present/absent Pseudoparaphyllia usually present Alar cells often present. Calyptra cucullate > 4200 spp (ca. 1/3 of all mosses).
Families
Amblystegiaceae: Amblystegium, Anacamptodon, Bryostreimannia, Campyliadelphus, Campylium, Conardia, Cratoneuron, Cratoneuropsis, Drepanocladus, Gradsteinia, Hygroamblystegium, Hygrohypnella, Hygrohypnum, Hypnobartlettia, Koponenia, Leptodictyum, Limbella, Limprichtia, Ochyraea, Palustriella, Pictus, Pseudoamblystegium, Pseudo-calliergon, Pseudocampylium, Pseudohygrohypnum, Sanionia, Sasaokaea, Sciaromiella, Sciaromiopsis, Scorpidium, Sinocalliergon, Serpoleskea, Vittia.
Hypnaceae: Acritodon, Andoa, Austrohondaella, Bardunovia, Breidleria, Bryocrumia, Buckiella, Callicladium, Calliergonella, Campylophyllopsis, Campylophyllum, Caribaeohypnum, Chryso-hypnum, Crepidophyllum, Ctenidiadelphus, Cyathothecium, Dacryophyllum, Ectropotheciella, Ectropotheciopsis, Ectropothecium, Elharveya, Elmeriobryum, Entodontella, Eurohypnum, Foreauella, Gammiella, Giraldiella, Gollania, Hageniella, Herzogiella, Homomallium, Hondaella, Horridohypnum, Hyocomium, Hypnum, Irelandia, Isopterygiopsis, Leiodontium, Leptoischyrodon, Macrothamniella, Mahua, Microctenidium, Mittenothamnium, Nanothecium, Orthothecium, Phyllodon, Plagiotheciopsis, Platydictya, Platygyriella, Podperaea, Pseudohypnella, Pseudotaxiphyllum, Ptilium, Pylaisia, Rhacopilopsis, Rhizohypnella, Sclerohypnum, Stenotheciopsis, Stereodon, Stereodontopsis, Syringothecium, Taxiphyllopsis, Taxiphyllum, Vesicularia, Wijkiella
Lembophyllaceae: Acrocladium, Bestia, Camptochaete, Dolichomitriopsis, Fallaciella, Fifea, Isothecium, Lembophyllum, Looseria, Neobarbella, Pilotrichella, Rigodium, Tripterocladium, Weymouthia.
Leptodontaceae: Alsia, Forsstroemia, Leptodon, Taiwanobryum.
Lepyrodontaceae: Lepyrodon.
Leucodontaceae: Antitrichia, Dozya, Eoleucodon, Leucodon, Pterogoniadelphus, Pterogonium, Scabridens.
Meteoriaceae: Aerobryidium, Aerobryopsis, Barbella, Barbellopsis, Chrysocladium, Cryptopapillaria, Diaphanodon, Duthiella, Floribundaria, Lepyrodontopsis, Meteoriopsis, Meteorium, Neodicladiella, Neonoguchia, Pseudospiridentopsis, Pseudotrachypus, Sinskea, Toloxis, Trachycladiella, Trachypodopsis, Trachypus.
Microtheciellaceae: Microtheciella.
Miyabeaceae: Bissetia, Homaliadelphus, Miyabea.
Myriniaceae: Austinia, Macgregorella, Merrilliobryum, Myrinia, Nematocladia.
Myuriaceae: Eumyurium, Myurium, Oedicladium, Palisadula.
Orthorrhynchiaceae: Orthorrhynchium.
Phyllogoniaceae: Phyllogonium.
Plagiotheciaceae: Plagiothecium, Struckia.
Prionodontaceae: Prionodon.
Pterigynandraceae: Habrodon, Heterocladium, Iwatsukiella, Myurella, Pterigynandrum, Trachyphyllum.
Pterobryaceae: Calyptothecium, Cryptogonium, Henicodium, Hildebrandtiella, Horikawaea, Jaegerina, Micralsopsis, Muellerobryum, Neolindbergia, Orthorrhynchidium, Orthostichidium, Orthostichopsis, Osterwaldiella, Penzigiella, Pireella, Pseudopterobryum, Pterobryidium, Pterobryon, Pterobryopsis, Renauldia, Rhabdodontium, Spiridentopsis, Symphysodon, Symphysodontella.
Pylaisiadelphaceae: Aptychella, Brotherella, Clastobryopsis, Clastobryum, Heterophyllium, Isocladiella, Isopterygium, Mastopoma, Platygyrium, Pterogonidium, Pseudotrismegistia, Pylaisiadelpha, Taxitheliella, Taxithelium, Trismegistia, Wijkia.
Regmatodontaceae: Regmatodon.
Rhytidiaceae: Rhytidium.
Rutenbergiaceae: Neorutenbergia, Pseudocryphaea, Rutenbergia
Sematophyllaceae: Acanthorrhynchium, Acroporium, Allioniellopsis, Aptychopsis, Chionostomum, Clastobryella, Clastobryophilum, Colobodontium, Donnellia, Hydropogon, Hydropogonella, Macrohymenium, Meiotheciella, Meiothecium, Papillidiopsis, Paranapiacabaea, Piloecium, Potamium, Pterogoniopsis, Radulina, Rhaphidostichum, Schraderella, Schroeterella,Sematophyllum, Timotimius, Trichosteleum, Trolliella, Warburgiella.
Sorapillace: Sorapilla.
Stereophyllaceae: Catagoniopsis, Entodontopsis, Eulacophyllum, Juratzkaea, Pilosium, Sciuroleskea, Stenocarpidium, Stereophyllum.
Symphyodontaceae: Chaetomitriopsis, Chaetomitrium, Dimorphocladon, Symphyodon, Trachythecium, Unclejackia.
Theliaceae: Thelia.
Trachylomataceae: Trachyloma.