English: Black spleenwort.
Clades: Pleurosoroideae; Aspleniaceae; Aspleniidae; Pteridophyta; Plants.
Region: cold to warm temperate zones; Europe, northern and southern Africa; central Asia; Caucasus; southwest N. America.
Habitat: rocky woods, hedgebanks, shady walls, rocks, old brick walls; partly shaded site, less than 3 hours sunshine daily.
Content: carcinogens; thiaminase.
Ecology: rarely troubled by browsing deer.
Use:medicine; hair treatment.

BotanyFern; evergreen; 50 cm tall.
Root: short, creeping rootstock.
Leaves; clusters; up to 35 cm tall.