Author:
Jan Scholten
Book:
Qjurious
Type:
Info
Chapter:
3-655.60.00
Brassicales
English: Cabbage order.
Content: glucosinolate !!, myrosin; myrosinase, erucic acid, eicosenoic acid.
Subphases
1. Capparidaceae, Cleomaceae, Resedaceae, Gyrostemonaceae, Tovariaceae, Pentadiplandraceae, Akaniaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Limnanthaceae
2. Aetionemoideae
3. Heliophylloideae
4. Brassicoideae
5. Cardaminoideae
6. Hesperoideae
7. Caricaceae, Moringaceae, Salvadoraceae, Bataceae, Koeberlinaceae
Taxonomy
The order Brassicales consist of 17 families. Brassicaceae is the best known family and contains the majority of species of this order. In older classifications the main families Capparcaeae and Brassicaceae were placed together in Capparales.
In the Apg2 established the order. Assembled DNA sequence data sets for glucosinolate taxa and applied cladistic methods showed that all the glucosinolate-producing taxa form a clade, the Brassicales, save Drypetes. Despite the paucity of morphological synapomorphies the chemistry and DNA show a well supported evidence for the group’s monophyly.
In older clasifications Limnanthaceae had been placed in its own order, Limnanthales. Tropaeolaceae in Geraniales, Batidaceae in Caryophyllales, Caricacaeae in Violales.
Plant Theory
In the first version of the Plan theory The main Family Brassicaceae was placed in Subphase 6. Many smaller Families occupied the other Subphases.
In this update Brassicaceae is split in 5 Subfamilies, which are placed in Subphase 2 to Subphase 6. In Subphase 1 is placed Capparaceae with many other small families. It makes Subphase 1 not monophyletic. Capparidaceae, Cleomaceae have long be considered as one family, but have been split due to reasons of monophyly. Resedaceae, Gyrostemonaceae, Tovariaceae and Pentadiplandraceae form a monophyletic clade.Akaniaceae and Tropaeolaceae form a monophyletic clade. Limnanthaceae is a family on itds own with one species.
Caricaceae is the main Family in Subphase 7. Caricaceae and Moringaceae for a monophyletic clade and Salvadoraceae, Bataceae, Koeberlinaceae form another monophyletic clade. Together they miss the monophyly. But they both have Phase 7 qualities.
Families: Akaniaceae, Bataceae, Caricaceae (Carica papaya), Emblingiaceae, Gyrostemonaceae, Koeberliniaceae, Limnanthaceae, Moringaceae (Moringa oleifera), Pentadiplandraceae, Resedaceae, Salvadoraceae, Setchellantacaee, Tovariaceae, Tropaeolaceae (Tropaeolum majus).
Literature
Bailey, C. Donovan & others; Toward a Global Phylogeny of the Brassicaceae.
Beilstein, Mark A & others; BRASSICACEAE PHYLOGENY INFERRED FROM PHYTOCHROME A AND NDHF SEQUENCE DATA: TRIBES AND TRICHOMES REVISITED; American Journal of Botany 95,10: 1307–1327; 2008.
Franzke, Andreas & others; Arabidopsis family ties: molecular phylogeny and age estimates in Brassicaceae; Taxon 58, 2: 425–437; May 2009.
Franzke, Andreas & others; Cabbage family affairs: the evolutionary history of Brassicaceae; Trends in plant science, Volume 16,2: p108–116, February 2011.
Andreas FranzkeEmail the author Andreas Franzke, Martin A. Lysak, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Marcus A. Koch, Klaus Mummenhoff
Hall, Jocelyn & others; PHYLOGENY OF CAPPARACEAE AND BRASSICACEAE BASED ON CHLOROPLAST SEQUENCE DATA; American Journal of Botany 89,11: 1826–1842; 2002.
Hall, Jocelyn & others; Molecular phylogenetics of core Brassicales; Systemcic Botany vol 29.3: 654-669; 2004.
Kagale, Sateesh & othres; Polyploid Evolution of the Brassicaceae during the Cenozoic Era; The Plant Cell, Vol. 26: 2777–2791; July 2014.